1.9 Floating-Point Numbers

• ANSI/IEEE 754 Standard defined floating-point binary numbers: Single-precision (32 bits), Double-precision (64 bits) and Extended-precision (80 bits)
• In single-precision floating-point binary numbers:
• sign bit is represented by bit 31
• exponent (E) is represented by bit 23 - 30
• mantissa (M) is represented by bit 0 - 22 
• When sign bit is 0: positive number; when sign bit is 1: negative number (signed magnitude form)
• Mantissa also known as significand represents the leading significant bits in the number (stored in normalized form)
• A bias (12710) is added to actual exponent to create a positive number